Topics: Solutions

Solutions

Solutions are homogeneous mixtures with no definite compositions. Most solutions have a limit to dissolve the solute in the solvent at a given temperature. This limit of concentration is called solubility of the solute in a given solvent. Solubility depends on temperature, the nature of solute and the solvent. Typically, most solids increase their solubility with the increase of temperature. Gases, however, are more soluble in cold liquids than in hot liquids. A saturated solution is a solution where the concentration of the solute is equal to its solubility.

Solutions with concentrations below the solubility are called unsaturated. Solutions with concentrations above the solubility limit are unstable, tending to precipitate the excess of solute as crystals. This solutions are called supersaturated.