Protective geometry is more fundamental than euclidean geometry, with applications in physics, biology and perspective art. We shall introduce it visually, without equations.

This video begins by considering a hexagonal tiled hive from a bee's perspective. We then formally define projective geometry, discuss previous approach the study, like perspective art and geometry with only a straight-edge.

We discuss the famous hexagon theorem of Pappus. A foundation result of projective geometry. We also discuss the work of Descargues, and his brilliant idea about treating projective geometry as the study of constructions which can only be made using a straight-edge.

To contrast projective geometry with Euclidean geometry (which considers constructions using a straight edger `and' a compass), we compare how a hexagon is constructed in each geometry. In the projective case, we form the hexagon starting from three lines which pass through the vanishing line.

In the resulting projective construction of the hexagon we see many interesting qualities which are invariant of how the initial points are chosen. We point out how Pappus's theorem and Desgaurges' theorem can be seen working within this hexagon construction, and show how this construction can be extended to give a beautiful projective tiling of the plane with hexagons.

The Geogebra program can be found here:
www.geogebra.org/

I would like to thank Olive Whicher for his illuminating book on projective geometry, and Norman Wildberger for his insightful teachings on the subject.

My website is:

sites.google.com/site/richardsouthwell254/

1. Why Perspective Drawing Works
2. Without Equations, Conics & Spirals
3. Foundations & Tilings in Perspective
4. When Does A Parabola Look Like An Ellipse?
5. Desargues' Theorem Proof
6. Axioms, Duality and Projections
7. Conics Made Easily and Beautifully
8. Harmonic Quadrangles & The 13 Configuration
9. The Line Woven Net
10. Brianchon's Theorem (Pascal's Dual)
11. Five Points Define A Conic
12. Projective Transformations Of Lines
13. Involutions Of The Line
14. Constructing The Dual Of A Quadrangle - The Thirteen Point Configuration
15. Pascal's Hexagrammum Mysticum Theorem
16. Non Euclidean Geometry & Hyperbolic Social Networks

Protective geometry is deeper and more fundamental than standard euclidean geometry, and has many applications in fundamental physics, biology and perspective drawing. We shall introduce it visually, without relying upon equations. The hope is make this beautiful subject accessible to anybody, without requiring prior knowledge of mathematics. At the same time, there are some very deep, rarely discussed ideas in this subject which could also benefit experts.