Calculus III: Vector Calculus & Differential Equations

Video Lectures

Displaying all 159 video lectures.
I. Partial Derivatives
Lecture 1
Partial Derivatives
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Partial Derivatives
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy provides an example of a Partial Derivative.
Lecture 2
Second Order Partial Derivatives
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Second Order Partial Derivatives
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy explains Second Order Partial Derivatives (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 3
Equation of the Tangent Plane in Two Variables
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Equation of the Tangent Plane in Two Variables
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy explains an equation of the tangent plane in two variables (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 4
Normal Line to the Surface
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Normal Line to the Surface
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the symmetric equations of the normal line to the given surface. In order to do this, you'll need to first find the equation of the tangent plane to the surface. In general, this is the same as finding the equation of the tangent line and normal line to a function, but now we're doing it in 3-dimensional space with multivariable functions.
Lecture 5
Linear Approximation in Two Variables
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Linear Approximation in Two Variables
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy explains Linear Approximation in Two Variables (Calculus example).
Lecture 6
Linearization of a Multivariable Function
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Linearization of a Multivariable Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the linearization of the multivariable function.
Lecture 7
Differential of the Multivariable Function
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Differential of the Multivariable Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the differential of a multivariable function.
Lecture 8
Chain Rule for Partial Derivatives of Multivariable Functions
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Chain Rule for Partial Derivatives of Multivariable Functions
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use chain rule to find partial derivatives of multivariable functions.
Lecture 9
Chain Rule and Tree Diagrams of Multivariable Functions
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Chain Rule and Tree Diagrams of Multivariable Functions
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use tree diagrams to help you write out the formula for the partial derivative of a multivariable function.
Lecture 10
Implicit Differentiation for Partial Derivatives of Multivariable Functions
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Implicit Differentiation for Partial Derivatives of Multivariable Functions
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use implicit differentiation to find the partial derivatives of a multivariable function.
Lecture 11
Directional Derivatives
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Directional Derivatives
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy explains directional derivatives (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 12
Gradient Vectors
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Gradient Vectors
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy explains a gradient vector Calculus problem example (or maximum directional derivatives).
Lecture 13
Gradient Vectors and the Tangent Plane
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Gradient Vectors and the Tangent Plane
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy explains a gradient vector and the tangent plane (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 14
Gradient Vectors and Maximum Rate of Change
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Gradient Vectors and Maximum Rate of Change
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use gradient vectors to find maximum rate of change and the direction in which it occurs.
Lecture 15
Second Derivative Test: Two Variables
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Second Derivative Test: Two Variables
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy explains the Second Derivative Test (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 16
Local Extrema and Saddle Points of a Multivariable Function
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Local Extrema and Saddle Points of a Multivariable Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use the second derivative test to find local extrema (local maxima and local minima) and saddle points of a multivariable function.
Lecture 17
Global Extrema in Two Variables
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Global Extrema in Two Variables
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy explains a global extrema in two variables (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 18
Extreme Value Theorem and Extrema in the Set D
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Extreme Value Theorem and Extrema in the Set D
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find global extrema of a multivariable function which is defined for the set of points D, or in the domain D. You'll need to look for critical points in side the set, at the corners of the set, and along the edges of the set. Then you'll need to evaluate those critical points in the original function to identify maxima and minima.
Lecture 19
Max Product of Three Real Numbers
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Max Product of Three Real Numbers
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find three positive numbers with sum 100 and maximum possible product. To do this, write two equations that define the relationship between the numbers, and then use the equations together to reduce the equation of the product to just two variables. Take first-order and second-order partial derivatives. Use the first-order partial derivatives to find critical points of the function, and eliminate all critical points that don't match the criteria of the question. Then use the second-order partial derivatives in the second derivative test to verify that the remaining critical point is a maximum of the product function.
Lecture 20
Max Volume of a Rectangular Box Inscribed in a Sphere
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Max Volume of a Rectangular Box Inscribed in a Sphere
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the largest possible volume of a rectangular box inscribed in a sphere of radius r. Write down the equation of a sphere in standard form and then write an equation for the volume of the rectangular box. Since the equation for volume is the equation that needs to be optimized, solve the other equation for one of the variables and substitute the value into the volume equation so that the volume equation is reduced to two variables instead of three. Then take first-order partial derivatives of the volume equation, set them equal to 0, and use the resulting equations as a system of simultaneous equations to find critical points. Since we're dealing with a 3D figure in real space, ignore any critical numbers that have negative values for x or y. Plug the resulting critical point into the volume equation in two variables to find a value that represents the maximum volume of the rectangular box.
Lecture 21
Points on the Cone Closest to a Point
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Points on the Cone Closest to a Point
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the points on the surface of a cone which are closest to the given coordinate point in three-dimensional space. If you're looking for the points which are closest together, then you're trying to minimize the distance between the points, which means you need an equation for distance between the points, and this will be the equation you optimize. Write out the distance formula in three variables, and then use the equation of the cone to make a substitution into the distance formula so that the distance formula is only in two variables. Take first-order partial derivatives of the distance formula in order to find a critical point. Then plug the critical point back into the equation of the cone to find the corresponding z-values that give the points on the cone closest to the given coordinate point. Use the second derivative test to verify that the critical point does represent a local minimum of the distance function.
II. Lagrange Multipliers
Lecture 22
Lagrange Multipliers (Part I)
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Lagrange Multipliers (Part I)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy explains Lagrange Multipliers (Calculus example).
Lecture 23
Lagrange Multipliers (Part II)
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Lagrange Multipliers (Part II)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy explains Lagrange Multipliers (Calculus example).
Lecture 24
Lagrange Multipliers in Three Dimensions with Two Constraints
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Lagrange Multipliers in Three Dimensions with Two Constraints
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use Lagrange multipliers to find the extrema of a three-dimensional function, given two constraint functions. In order to complete this problem, you'll need to take partial derivatives of the original function, as well as each of the constraint functions. Then, you'll set up your equations in order to solve for two multipliers and the three variables from the original function. Once you've found values for the original variables, you'll plug those values into the original function. This will give you the value of a maximum or minimum of the function.
III. Double Integrals
Lecture 25
Midpoint Rule to Approximate Volume of a Double Integral
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Midpoint Rule to Approximate Volume of a Double Integral
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use midpoint rule to approximate the volume that lies above the given rectangular region defined by the given x-interval by the given y-interval, and below the given function. You'll divide the interval into rectangles and then find the coordinate point that defines the midpoint of each of those rectangles. Then you'll evaluate the original function at each coordinate point, take the sum of those values, and multiply that sum by delta A, which is the area of one of the rectangles.
Lecture 26
Riemann Sums to Approximate Volume of a Double Integral
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Riemann Sums to Approximate Volume of a Double Integral
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use Riemann sums to approximate the volume that lies above the given rectangular region defined by the given x-interval by the given y-interval, and below the given function. You'll divide the interval into rectangles and then find the coordinate points that define the upper right-hand corner of each of those rectangles. Then you'll evaluate the original function at each coordinate point, take the sum of those values, and multiply that sum by delta A, which is the area of one of the rectangles.
Lecture 27
Average Value of a Double Integral
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Average Value of a Double Integral
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to estimate the average value of a double integral over a rectangle.
Lecture 28
Iterated Integrals
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Iterated Integrals
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to evaluate iterated integrals, which are just a type of double integrals.
Lecture 29
Double Integrals
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Double Integrals
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the double integral of a function, which represents the volume which sits on top of some region, often a rectangular region, but below the given function.
Lecture 30
Double Integrals of Type I and Type II Regions
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Double Integrals of Type I and Type II Regions
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use double integrals to find the area enclosed by type I and type II regions.
Lecture 31
Double Integrals to Find the Volume of the Solid
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Double Integrals to Find the Volume of the Solid
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use double integrals to find the volume of the solid that lies above the given area and under the given function.
Lecture 32
Double Integrals to Find Surface Area
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Double Integrals to Find Surface Area
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use double integrals to find the surface area.
Lecture 33
Converting Iterated Integrals to Polar Coordinates
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Converting Iterated Integrals to Polar Coordinates
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to convert iterated integrals from cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates.
Lecture 34
Converting Double Integrals to Polar Coordinates
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Converting Double Integrals to Polar Coordinates
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to convert double integrals from cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates.
Lecture 35
Sketching the Region Given by a Double Polar Integral
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Sketching the Region Given by a Double Polar Integral
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to sketch the region defined by a given double polar integral.
Lecture 36
Double Polar Integral to Find Area
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Double Polar Integral to Find Area
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use a double polar integral to find area.
Lecture 37
Double Polar Integral to Find the Volume of the Solid
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Double Polar Integral to Find the Volume of the Solid
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use a double polar integral to find the volume of the solid.
Lecture 38
Double Integrals to Find Mass and Center of Mass of the Lamina
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Double Integrals to Find Mass and Center of Mass of the Lamina
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find mass and center of mass of the lamina using double integrals. Use the double integral formula for mass and the double integral formulas for x bar and y bar to find center of mass.
IV. Triple Integrals
Lecture 39
Midpoint Rule for Triple Integrals
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Midpoint Rule for Triple Integrals
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use the midpoint rule to estimate the volume of a solid. We'll divide the solid cube into eight sub-boxes of equal size and then use the midpoint of each one to estimate volume.
Lecture 40
Average Value of the Triple Integral
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Average Value of the Triple Integral
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the average value of a function that lies above a solid. In this problem, the solid is a cube with side length L that lies in the first octant with one vertex at the origin and three sides that lie along the coordinate axes.
Lecture 41
Triple Iterated Integrals
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Triple Iterated Integrals
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to evaluate a triple iterated integral
Lecture 42
Triple Integrals
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Triple Integrals
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to evaluate a triple integral. Find the volume of the region E which lies under the plane and above the region bounded by three curves.
Lecture 43
Triple Integrals to Find Volume of the Solid
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Triple Integrals to Find Volume of the Solid
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use triple integrals to find the volume of a solid. In this case, we'll find the volume of the tetrahedron enclosed by the three coordinate planes and another function. We'll need to find the limits of integration for each of our three variables, and then decide on an order of integration.
Lecture 44
Expressing a Triple Iterated Integral Six Ways
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Expressing a Triple Iterated Integral Six Ways
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to change the limits of integration and order of integration to express a triple iterated integral in 6 different ways.
Lecture 45
Mass and Center of Mass with Triple Integrals
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Mass and Center of Mass with Triple Integrals
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use triple integrals to find mass and center of mass of a solid, E, with a given density function p (rho)
Lecture 46
Moments of Inertia with Triple Integrals
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Moments of Inertia with Triple Integrals
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use triple integrals to find moments of inertia about each of the three coordinate axes.
Lecture 47
Cylindrical Coordinates
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Cylindrical Coordinates
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to convert cylindrical coordinates to rectangular coordinates.
Lecture 48
Converting Triple Integrals to Cylindrical Coordinates
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Converting Triple Integrals to Cylindrical Coordinates
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to convert a triple integral from cartesian coordinates to cylindrical coordinates. You'll need to convert the function itself, the order of integration, and the limits of integration before evaluating the triple integral in cylindrical coordinates.
Lecture 49
Volume in Cylindrical Coordinates
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Volume in Cylindrical Coordinates
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how calculate the volume of a solid using a triple integral in cylindrical coordinates. In this problem, the solid lies within a cylinder, above a plane, and below a cone and must be converted from cartesian coordinates to cylindrical coordinates.
Lecture 50
Spherical Coordinates
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Spherical Coordinates
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Spherical Coordinates (Calculus example).
Lecture 51
Triple Integral in Spherical Coordinates to Find Volume
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Triple Integral in Spherical Coordinates to Find Volume
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use a triple integral in spherical coordinates to find the volume of an object, in this case, the ball with center at the origin and radius 5.
Lecture 52
Jacobian of the Transformation (2x2)
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Jacobian of the Transformation (2x2)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the Jacobian of the transformation given two equations for x and y, both defined in terms of two other variables, r and theta. Use a 2x2 matrix.
Lecture 53
Jacobian of the Transformation (3x3)
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Jacobian of the Transformation (3x3)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the Jacobian of the transformation given three equations for x, y and z, all defined in terms of three other variables, u, v and w. Use a 3x3 matrix.
Lecture 54
Plotting Points in Three Dimensions
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Plotting Points in Three Dimensions
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to plot points in three dimensional coordinate space (R^3).
V. Vector Calculus & Conic Sections
Lecture 55
Distance Formula for Three Variables
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Distance Formula for Three Variables
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use the distance formula for three variables in three dimensional coordinate space to find the distance between two points in R^3.
Lecture 56
Equation of a Sphere, Plus Center and Radius
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Equation of a Sphere, Plus Center and Radius
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the equation of a sphere, put it in standard form, and then find the center and radius of the sphere.
Lecture 57
Describing a Region in 3D Space
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Describing a Region in 3D Space
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to describe a region in three-dimensional coordinate space (R^3).
Lecture 58
Using Inequalities to Describe a Region in 3D Space
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Using Inequalities to Describe a Region in 3D Space
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use inequalities to describe a region in three dimensional coordinate space (R^3).
Lecture 59
Finding a Vector From Two Points
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Finding a Vector From Two Points
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find a vector from two points.
Lecture 60
Vector Addition and Combinations of Vectors
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Vector Addition and Combinations of Vectors
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use the definition of vector addition, also called the triangle law, to find the sum of two vectors, or the combination of two vectors.
Lecture 61
Sum of Two Vectors
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Sum of Two Vectors
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about the sum of two vectors.
Lecture 62
Copying Vectors to Find Combinations of Vectors
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Copying Vectors to Find Combinations of Vectors
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use the definition of vector addition, also called the triangle law, to find the sum of two vectors, or the combination of two or three vectors.
Lecture 63
Unit Vector in the Direction of the Given Vector
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Unit Vector in the Direction of the Given Vector
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find a unit vector in the direction of the given vector. Remember that the unit vector is a vector that is 1 unit long, or has a magnitude of 1.
Lecture 64
Angle Between a Vector and the x-axis
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Angle Between a Vector and the x-axis
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the angle between a vector and the positive direction of the x-axis.
Lecture 65
Magnitude and Angle of the Resultant Force
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Magnitude and Angle of the Resultant Force
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the magnitude and angle of the resultant force from two vectors.
Lecture 66
Dot Product of Two Vectors
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Dot Product of Two Vectors
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the dot product of two vectors. The dot product is also called the scalar product or inner product.
Lecture 67
Angle Between Two Vectors
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Angle Between Two Vectors
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the angle between two vectors in three-dimensional space.
Lecture 68
Orthogonal, Parallel or Neither (Vectors)
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Orthogonal, Parallel or Neither (Vectors)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to determine whether two vectors are orthogonal to one another, parallel to one another, or neither orthogonal nor parallel.
Lecture 69
Acute Angle Between the Lines (Vectors)
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Acute Angle Between the Lines (Vectors)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the acute angle between two lines using vector representations of both lines. Remember that the acute angle is the angle which is less than 90 degrees. If two lines intersect each other and are anything other than perpendicular, then the intersection creates two equal obtuse angles and two equal acute angles. The acute angle is the one we learn to find in this video.
Lecture 70
Acute Angles Between the Curves (Vectors)
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Acute Angles Between the Curves (Vectors)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the acute angles between two curves by finding their points of intersection, and then the equations of the tangent lines to both curves and the points of intersection. Once you have equations for the tangent lines, you can use the corollary formula for cos(theta) to find the acute angle between the two lines.
Lecture 71
Direction Cosines and Direction Angles (Vectors)
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Direction Cosines and Direction Angles (Vectors)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the direction cosines and direction angles of a vector. The direction angles are the angles between the vector and the positive directions of the coordinate axes.
Lecture 72
Scalar Equation of a Line
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Scalar Equation of a Line
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the scalar equation of a line with a point and a vector.
Lecture 73
Scalar Equation of a Plane
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Scalar Equation of a Plane
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find a scalar equation of a plane (Calculus example).
Lecture 74
Scalar and Vector Projections
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Scalar and Vector Projections
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the scalar projections and vector projections of a onto b. The scalar projection is also called the component of b along a.
Lecture 75
Cross Product
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Cross Product
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the cross product of two vectors.
Lecture 76
Vector Orthogonal to the Plane
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Vector Orthogonal to the Plane
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the vector orthogonal to the plane that passes through three points.
Lecture 77
Volume of the Parallelepiped Determined by Vectors
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Volume of the Parallelepiped Determined by Vectors
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the volume of the parallelepiped given three vectors.
Lecture 78
Volume of the Parallelepiped with Adjacent Edges
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Volume of the Parallelepiped with Adjacent Edges
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the volume of the parallelepiped given adjacent edges defined by four coordinate points.
Lecture 79
Scalar Triple Product to Verify the Vectors are Coplanar
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Scalar Triple Product to Verify the Vectors are Coplanar
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use the scalar triple product to verify that the vectors are coplanar.
Lecture 80
Vector and Parametric Equations of the Line
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Vector and Parametric Equations of the Line
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the vector equation of the line and the parametric equations of the line.
Lecture 81
Parametric and Symmetric Equations of the Line
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Parametric and Symmetric Equations of the Line
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the parametric equations and symmetric equations of the line.
Lecture 82
Symmetric Equations of a Line
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Symmetric Equations of a Line
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the symmetric equations of a line using a point and a vector.
Lecture 83
Parallel, Intersecting, Skew and Perpendicular Lines
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Parallel, Intersecting, Skew and Perpendicular Lines
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to determine whether two lines are parallel, intersecting, skew or perpendicular.
Lecture 84
Equation of the Plane Using Vectors
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Equation of the Plane Using Vectors
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the equation of the plane given three coordinate points in the plane. Use the points to find two vectors that lie in the plane, and then find the cross product of the two vectors, which will be the normal vector to the plane. Write the equation of the plane using one of the coordinate points and the normal vector.
Lecture 85
Point of Intersection of a Line and a Plane
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Point of Intersection of a Line and a Plane
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the point of intersection between a line defined by parametric equations and a plane. Plug the parametric equations into the equation of the plane so that the equation is defined only in terms of the parameter. Solve for the value of the parameter that defines the point of intersection. Then plug the parameter value into the parametric equations that define the line to get the coordinate point where the line and the plane intersect one another. Verify that this point lies in the plane by plugging the coordinate point into the equation of the plane.
Lecture 86
Parallel, Perpendicular, and Angle Between Planes
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Parallel, Perpendicular, and Angle Between Planes
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to determine whether two planes are parallel or perpendicular, and if the planes are neither parallel nor perpendicular, then to find the angle between the planes. If the planes are parallel, then their normal vectors are parallel. If the planes are perpendicular, then their normal vectors are perpendicular. Therefore, take the coefficients on the x, y and z terms and these are the components of the normal vectors. Set the ratio of the component values equal to each other and if the equation is true, then the normal vectors are parallel and therefore the planes are parallel. Find the dot product of the normal vectors and if the dot product is zero, then the normal vectors are perpendicular so the planes are perpendicular. If the planes are neither parallel nor perpendicular, then use the corollary formula to find the angle between the planes.
Lecture 87
Parametric Equations for the Line of Intersection of Two Planes
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Parametric Equations for the Line of Intersection of Two Planes
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find parametric equations that define the line of intersection of two planes.
Lecture 88
Symmetric Equations for the Line of Intersection of Two Planes
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Symmetric Equations for the Line of Intersection of Two Planes
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find symmetric equations for the line of intersection of two planes. In order to do this, we'll find the normal vectors to the planes and take their cross product. We'll find a point on the line of intersection and then use the point and the cross product vector to find the symmetric equations.
Lecture 89
Distance Between a Point and a Line (Vectors)
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Distance Between a Point and a Line (Vectors)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use vectors to find the distance between a point and a line, given the coordinate point and parametric equations of the line. Use the parametric equations to find a vector that gives direction numbers and a coordinate point. Find a vector between the two coordinate points. Then take the cross product of the two vectors, and the magnitude of the cross product. Use a distance formula to find the distance between the point and the line.
Lecture 90
Distance Between a Point and a Plane (Vectors)
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Distance Between a Point and a Plane (Vectors)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the distance between a point and a plane. Use the distance formula for the component of b along n, where b is the vector between a point in the plane and the given coordinate point, and where n is the normal vector to the plane. The distance formula takes the dot product of the normal vector and the vector b, but simplifies to a formula that simply pulls the components from the coordinate point, and the coefficients from the equation of the plane.
Lecture 91
Distance Between Parallel Planes (Vectors)
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Distance Between Parallel Planes (Vectors)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the distance between the parallel planes using vectors. Verify that the planes are parallel by finding the normal vectors to the planes and proving that the normal vectors are parallel. Then find a coordinate point on one plane, and calculate the distance between that point and the other plane by pulling the components of the normal vectors, and the values from the coordinate point into the distance formula.
Lecture 92
Sketching the Quadric Surface
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Sketching the Quadric Surface
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to sketch a quadric surface and its traces.
Lecture 93
Reducing a Quadric Surface Equation to Standard Form
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Reducing a Quadric Surface Equation to Standard Form
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to simplify an equation into an equation of a quadric surface in standard form.
Lecture 94
Domain of the Vector Function
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Domain of the Vector Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the domain of a vector function when the vector function is given in the form r(t) where r is the vector and t is the parameter that defines each component of the vector.
Lecture 95
Limit of the Vector Function
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Limit of the Vector Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the limit of the vector function.
Lecture 96
Sketching the Vector Equation
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Sketching the Vector Equation
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to sketch the vector equation. Given the components of the vector, write parametric equations for the vector. Use the parametric equations to find two-variable equations that model the projections of the curve on each of the three coordinate axes. Draw the projections and then draw the curve.
Lecture 97
Projections of the Curve Onto the Coordinate Axes
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Projections of the Curve Onto the Coordinate Axes
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to sketch the projections of the curve. Projections are like shadows formed by the curve on the three coordinate axes. Given components of the vector equation, you can write parametric equations of the curve. Use the parametric equations to find equations of the projections in terms of only the variables involved in the coordinate axis. Sketch the projections and then use them to draw the real curve.
Lecture 98
Vector and Parametric Equations of the Line Segment
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Vector and Parametric Equations of the Line Segment
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the vector equation and parametric equations of the line segment connecting two coordinate points.
Lecture 99
Vector Function for the Curve of Intersection of Two Surfaces
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Vector Function for the Curve of Intersection of Two Surfaces
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the vector function for the curve of intersection of two surfaces, where one surface is a cone and the other surface is a plane.
Lecture 100
Derivative of the Vector Function
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Derivative of the Vector Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the derivative of a vector function.
Lecture 101
Unit Tangent Vector
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Unit Tangent Vector
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the equation of the unit tangent vector to a vector function for a given value of the parameter.
Lecture 102
Parametric Equations of the Tangent Line (Vectors)
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Parametric Equations of the Tangent Line (Vectors)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find parametric equations of the tangent line to the vector function at a specific point.
Lecture 103
Integral of the Vector Function
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Integral of the Vector Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the integral of the vector function.
Lecture 104
Green's Theorem: One Region
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Green's Theorem: One Region
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Green's Theorem in One Region (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 105
Green's Theorem: Two Regions
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Green's Theorem: Two Regions
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Green's Theorem in Two Region (Calculus problem example).
VI. First Order Differential Equations
Lecture 106
Linear Differential Equations
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Linear Differential Equations
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Linear Differential Equations (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 107
Circuits and Linear Differential Equations
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Circuits and Linear Differential Equations
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use linear differential equations to solve basic problems of electric circuits.
Lecture 108
Linear Differential Equation Initial Value Problem
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Linear Differential Equation Initial Value Problem
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to solve a linear differential equations initial value problem.
Lecture 109
Differential Equations
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Differential Equations
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Differential Equations.
Lecture 110
Change of Variable to Solve a Differential Equations
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Change of Variable to Solve a Differential Equations
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use a change of variable to solve a separable differential equation.
Lecture 111
Separable Differential Equations Initial Value Problem
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Separable Differential Equations Initial Value Problem
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to solve a separable differential equations initial value problem.
Lecture 112
Mixing Problems with Separable Differential Equations
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Mixing Problems with Separable Differential Equations
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to solve mixing problems using separable differential equations
Lecture 113
Euler's Method (Part I)
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Euler's Method (Part I)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Euler's Method (Calculus example).
Lecture 114
Euler's Method (Part II)
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Euler's Method (Part II)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Euler's Method (Calculus example).
Lecture 115
Euler's Method (Part III)
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Euler's Method (Part III)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Euler's Method (Calculus example).
Lecture 116
Sketching Direction Fields
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Sketching Direction Fields
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to sketch a direction field using the equation for the first derivative in terms of x and y, then learn how to sketch a solution in the direction field that passes through a given point.
Lecture 117
Population Growth
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Population Growth
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Population Growth (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 118
Logistic Growth Model of a Population
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Logistic Growth Model of a Population
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to write a logistic growth equation that models the population over time given the initial population, the carrying capacity, and the population after one year. Then learn how to use the logistic growth equation to find the population at a given time.
Lecture 119
Predator-Prey Systems
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Predator-Prey Systems
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to determine which variable represents the predator population, and which represents the prey population, how to determine if the predator or prey populations are effected by any other food source than the other species (carrying capacity), how to determine whether the system is one of cooperation, competition, or predator-prey, and how to solve the system of differential equations for equilibrium solutions, and then interpret those equilibrium solutions.
VII. Second Order Differential Equations
Lecture 120
Second-Order Differential Equations
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Second-Order Differential Equations
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find second-order differential equations.
Lecture 121
Equal Real Roots of Second-Order Homogeneous Differential Equations
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Equal Real Roots of Second-Order Homogeneous Differential Equations
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the general solution of a second-order homogeneous differential equation when the equation gives equal real roots.
Lecture 122
Complex Conjugate Roots of Second-Order Homogeneous Differential Equations
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Complex Conjugate Roots of Second-Order Homogeneous Differential Equations
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the general solution of a second-order homogeneous differential equation when the equation gives complex conjugate roots.
Lecture 123
Second-Order Differential Equations: Initial Value Problems (Example 1)
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Second-Order Differential Equations: Initial Value Problems (Example 1)
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to solve second-order differential equations with distinct real roots.
Lecture 124
Boundary Value Problem, Second-Order Homogeneous Differential Equation, and Distinct Real Roots
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Boundary Value Problem, Second-Order Homogeneous Differential Equation, and Distinct Real Roots
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to solve a boundary value problem given a second-order homogeneous differential equation and two initial conditions. In this particular problem, the roots of the equation are distinct real roots and the general solution to the differential equation is written with r_1 and r_2.
Lecture 125
Boundary Value Problem, Second-Order Homogeneous Differential Equation, and Complex Conjugate Roots
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Boundary Value Problem, Second-Order Homogeneous Differential Equation, and Complex Conjugate Roots
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to solve a boundary value problem given a second-order homogeneous differential equation and two initial conditions. In this particular problem, the roots of the equation are complex conjugate roots and the general solution to the differential equation is written with alpha and beta.
Lecture 126
Second-Order Differential Equations: Working Backwards
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Second-Order Differential Equations: Working Backwards
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to work backwards in Second-Order Differential Equations (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 127
Second-Order Non-Homogeneous Differential
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Second-Order Non-Homogeneous Differential
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Second-Order Non-Homogeneous Differential Equations (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 128
Variation of Parameters for Differential Equations
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Variation of Parameters for Differential Equations
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use variation of parameters to find the particular solution of a non-homogeneous second-order differential equation.
Lecture 129
Second-Order Non-Homogeneous Differential Equations: Initial Value Problem
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Second-Order Non-Homogeneous Differential Equations: Initial Value Problem
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Second-Order Non-Homogeneous Differential Equation Initial Value Problem.
VIII. Laplace Transforms
Lecture 130
Laplace Transforms Using the Definition
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Laplace Transforms Using the Definition
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Laplace Transforms using the definition (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 131
Laplace Transforms Using a Table
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Laplace Transforms Using a Table
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Laplace Transforms using a table (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 132
Initial Value Problems with Laplace Transforms
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Initial Value Problems with Laplace Transforms
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Initial Value Problems with Laplace Transforms (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 133
Laplace Transforms and Integration by Parts with Three Functions
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Laplace Transforms and Integration by Parts with Three Functions
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Laplace Transforms and Integration by Parts with Three Functions
Lecture 134
Inverse Laplace Transform
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Inverse Laplace Transform
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about Inverse Laplace Transform (Calculus problem example).
Lecture 135
Convolution Integral for Initial Value Problems
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Convolution Integral for Initial Value Problems
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use the convolution integral to calculate the inverse laplace transform of a second-order non-homogeneous differential equation initial value problem.
Lecture 136
Exact Differential Equations
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Exact Differential Equations
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to solve exact differential equations.
IX. Lagrange Multipliers
Lecture 137
Lagrange Multipliers and Three Dimensions, One Constraint
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Lagrange Multipliers and Three Dimensions, One Constraint
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to solve a lagrange multiplier problem with three variables (three dimensions) and only one constraint equation. We'll find the extrema of the function subject to the constraint.
Lecture 138
Limit of the Multivariable Function
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Limit of the Multivariable Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the limit of the multivariable function. We'll test the limit as we approach the point along different paths. If we get different values along any two paths, then we'll be able to state that the limit does not exist (DNE). Otherwise, if the value appears to be the same along every path that we test, then we'll have to use the precise definition of the limit for multivariable functions (epsilon-delta definition) in order to prove that the limit exists.
Lecture 139
Minimum Distance Between the Point and the Plane
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Minimum Distance Between the Point and the Plane
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the minimum distance between a point and a plane in three-dimensional coordinate space. This will be an application of optimization of multivariable functions in which we optimize the distance formula.
Lecture 140
Precise Definition of the Limit for Multivariable Functions
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Precise Definition of the Limit for Multivariable Functions
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy talks about the precise definition of the limit for multivariable functions, also known as the epsilon-delta definition of the limit.
Lecture 141
Critical Points of Multivariable Functions
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Critical Points of Multivariable Functions
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the critical points (the points where the function changes direction) of a multivariable function. In order to find critical points, we'll need to take partial derivatives of the function with respect to both variables, and then set each of them equal to 0. We'll use the equations together as a system of linear equations (simultaneous equations) to solve for the unique solution, which will be the critical point.
Lecture 142
Discontinuities of a Multivariable Function
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Discontinuities of a Multivariable Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy uses multiple examples, showing how to find the discontinuities in a multivariable function.
Lecture 143
Domain of a Multivariable Function
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Domain of a Multivariable Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the domain of a multivariable function, specifically the domain of a multivariable logarithmic function.
Lecture 144
Arc Length of a Vector Function
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Arc Length of a Vector Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the arc length of a vector function when the vector function is given in terms of a parameter value t, where t is defined over a closed interval.
Lecture 145
Area of the Surface
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Area of the Surface
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the area of a surface, given the equation of the surface and the boundaries of the surface defined as the equation of a cylinder.
Lecture 146
Tangential and Normal Components of the Acceleration Vector
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Tangential and Normal Components of the Acceleration Vector
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the tangential and normal components of an acceleration vector when the acceleration vector is given as a vector function.
X. Line Integrals
Lecture 147
Curl and Divergence
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Curl and Divergence
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the curl and divergence of a vector field using the formulas for curl and divergence.
Lecture 148
Curvature of the Vector Function
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Curvature of the Vector Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the curvature of a vector function using the formula for curvature.
Lecture 149
Independence of Path
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Independence of Path
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to prove that a line integral is independent of path. We'll do this by showing that the vector field is conservative, knowing that any line integral inside a conservative vector field will be independent of path.
Lecture 150
Line Integral of a Curve
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Line Integral of a Curve
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the line integral of a curve, when we're looking for the line integral under a function and over a line segment from one coordinate point to another coordinate point.
Lecture 151
Line Integral of a Vector Function
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Line Integral of a Vector Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the line integral of a vector function, when the vector function is given in three variables (three dimensions).
Lecture 152
Maximum Curvature of the Function
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Maximum Curvature of the Function
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the maximum curvature of the function.
Lecture 153
Normal and Osculating Planes
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Normal and Osculating Planes
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the equations of the normal and osculating planes of a parametric equation.
Lecture 154
Parametric Representation of the Surface
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Parametric Representation of the Surface
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the parametric representation of the surface, specifically the parametric representation of the part of a sphere that lies above a cone.
Lecture 155
Points on the Surface
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Points on the Surface
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to figure out whether or not the given coordinate points lie on the given surface, when the surface is given as a parametric vector function in terms of two parameters.
Lecture 156
Potential Function of a Conservative Vector Field
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Potential Function of a Conservative Vector Field
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the potential function of a conservative vector field.
Lecture 157
Potential Function of the Conservative Vector Field to Evaluate a Line Integral
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Potential Function of the Conservative Vector Field to Evaluate a Line Integral
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to use the potential function of a conservative vector field to evaluate a line integral when we're looking for the line integral from one coordinate point to another coordinate point.
Lecture 158
Potential Function of the Conservative Vector Field, Three Dimensions
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Potential Function of the Conservative Vector Field, Three Dimensions
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to find the potential function of a conservative vector field when the conservative vector field is given in three variables (three dimensions).
Lecture 159
Re-parametrizing the Curve in Terms of Arc Length
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Re-parametrizing the Curve in Terms of Arc Length
In this video, Krista King from integralCALC Academy shows how to reparametrize the curve in terms of arc length, from t=0 in the direction of increasing t.