Part 1 - The Claims of Community: Communitarians argue that, in addition to voluntary and universal duties, we also have obligations of membership, solidarity, and loyalty. These obligations are not necessarily based on consent. We inherit our past, and our identities, from our family, city, or country. But what happens if our obligations to our family or community come into conflict with our universal obligations to humanity?



Part 2 - Where Our Loyalties Lie: Do we owe more to our fellow citizens that to citizens of other countries? Is patriotism a virtue, or a prejudice for one’s own kind? If our identities are defined by the particular communities we inhabit, what becomes of universal human rights?

1. The Morality of Murder
2. How Much is a Life Worth?
3. Redistributive Taxation and Progressive Taxation - Freedom to Choose
4. Natural Rights and Giving Them Up
5. Avoiding the Draft and Avoiding Parenthood
6. Motives and Morality
7. Lying and Principles
8. What's Fair and Deserved?
9. Affirmative Action and Purpose
10. The Good Citizen and the Freedom to Choose
11. Obligations and Loyalties
12. Same Sex Marriage

Justice is one of the most popular courses in Harvard’s history, having taught more than 14,000 students over the course of two decades.



In this course, Professor Michael Sandel challenges us with difficult moral dilemmas and asks our opinion about the right thing to do. He then asks us to examine our answers in the light of new scenarios. The results are often surprising, revealing that important moral questions are never black and white.



This course also addresses the hot topics of our day—affirmative action, same-sex marriage, patriotism and rights—and Sandel shows us that we can revisit familiar controversies with a fresh perspective.



Each lecture in this course has two parts as well as related readings and discussion guides.