
Lecture Description
Put out your open hand - grab hold of a handful of air - there is NOTHING there! Or so it seems! But there is - there's a powerful lot of STUFF there -an enormous array of it! The ATMOSPHERE is a massive thing. The pressure of the air is about 15 pounds per square inch at sea level. On every square inch of everything there is a load of 15 pounds - very nearly. The average human being bears a load of some TWENTY TONS! The whole blanket of atmosphere which envelops the Earth weighs some 5000 million million tons! Fantastic! We show an array of enchanting DEMONSTRATIONS on THE PUSH OF THE AIR.
A - We boil water in a tin can. We drive out all the air. We now stopper up the can. The water vapor in the can condenses - that is - it goes back into the liquid state. The pressure in the can is reduced. The atmosphere squeezes the can! The PUSH of the air is terrific.
B - We do the same thing with another can but in this case we evacuate
the can - we take out SOME of the air - with a vacuum pump. Again the great push of the air squeezes the can.
C - A funnel has its open end covered with a stout rubber sheet. We take out some of the air. The atmosphere PUSHES the sheet in — the more air we take out the more it pushes in - and suddenly BANG - the sheet is burst apart by the PUSH of the air.
D - "Suction" cups! This is bad language! There is NO SUCTION! We
squeeze the "suction" cups together; we drive out the air between them. Then what? The atmosphere OUTSIDE pushes them together! And very strongly.
E - We do the classic experiment of Otto von Guericke with the Magdeburg Hemispheres. In the original demonstration in the Public Square SIXTEEN HORSES pulled the hemispheres apart. But only eight were really necessary. See why?
F - On a sheet of newspaper about 20" by 30" - that is - on an area of 600 square inches - there rests a load of atmosphere of some 9000 pounds. Fantastic! Now we wish to put this enormous load - this massive MASS - into motion by a short-lived impulsive blow. Remember the Sack of Bricks in Inertia? Newton said: "A body at rest wishes to remain at rest". And 9000 pounds - over FOUR TONS - has just too much inertia to be put into motion suddenly. So BANG! The board is broken because the great load of air does not wish to move.
When the air is quiet the PUSH of the air is something to think about. Imagine what happens when this massive air is on the move - as in a hurricane or in a tornado. Cities are destroyed!
Course Index
- The Idea of the Center of Gravity
- Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia
- Newton's Second Law of Motion: The Elevator Problem
- Newton's Third Law of Motion: Momentum
- Energy and Momentum
- Concerning Falling Bodies & Projectiles
- The Simple Pendulum and Other Oscillating Things
- Adventures with Bernoulli: Bernoulli's Principle
- Soap Bubbles and Soap Films
- Atmospheric Pressure
- Centrifugal Force and Other Strange Matters
- The Strange Behavior of Rolling Things
- Archimedes' Principle
- Pascal's Principle: The Properties of Liquids
- Levers, Inclines Planes, Geared-wheels and Other Machines
- The Ideas of Heat and Temperature
- Thermometric Properties and Processes
- How to Produce Heat Energy
- Thermal Expansion of Stuff: Solids
- Thermal Expansion of Stuff: Gases & Liquids
- The Strange Thermal Behavior of Ice and Water
- Heat Energy Transfer by Conduction
- Heat Energy Transfer by Convection
- Heat Energy Transfer by Radiation
- Evaporation, Boiling, Freezing: A Dramatic Adventure
- Miscellaneous Adventures in Heat
- The Drama in Real Cold Stuff: Liquid Nitrogen
- The Physics of Toys: Mechanical
- The Physics of Toys: Acoustic and Thermal
- Waves: Kinds of Properties
- Sound Waves: Sources of Sound & Pitch and Frequency
- Vibrating Bars and Strings: The Phenomenon of Beats
- Resonance: Forced Vibrations
- Sounding Pipes
- Vibrating Rods and Plates
- Miscellaneous Adventures in Sound
- Electrostatic Phenomena: Foundations of Electricity
- Electrostatic Toys, Part 1
- Electrostatic Toys, Part 2
- Adventures with Electric Charges
- Adventures in Magnetism
- Ways to "Produce" Electricity
- Properties and Effects of Electric Currents
- Adventures in Electromagnetism
- Further Adventures in Electromagnetism
- Miscellaneous and Wondrous Things in E&M
Course Description
Demonstrations in Physics was an educational science series produced in Australia by ABC Television in 1969. The series was hosted by American scientist Julius Sumner Miller, who demonstrated experiments involving various disciplines in the world of physics. The series was also released in the United States under the title Science Demonstrations.
This program was a series of 45 shows (approximately 15 minutes each) on various topics in physics, organized into 3 units: Mechanics; Heat and Temperature / Toys; and Waves and Sound / Electricity and Magnetism.